Don't be scared to just jump right into it. For me it felt different in the beginning and I had to google around sometimes, but after a while it becomes just as easy as Windows. For many things even much easier.
FTP : The default file browser (Gnome Files) for most such things as it supports FTP. (I think the default KDE one also has it). FileZilla just in case.
SSH / Putty : PortX. But personally I started just using the terminal and write 'ssh
[email protected]'. (I have aliases for my common servers)
Web browser : LibreWolf (With a bit less strict settings)
Torrents : QBittorrent
IDE : VSCode. (I also use Qt Creator)
Video editing : I guess Kdenlive (but I have almost no experience with it so can't compare it)
Audio editing : Tenacity. It's an Audacity fork without tracking. I don't use anything more advanced.
Adobe or equivalents : GIMP, Inkscape, but also PhotoPea.com because I actually think it's a decent webapp that is easier to use than GIMP.
(I stole the markdown from Bastille, hihi)
Some others I think are worth mentioning:
- LibreOffice
- Vesktop (custom Discord client with Vencord. They even had Wayland screensharing for a long time before Discord finally added it)
- Thunderbird for mail
- PulseAudio volume control
- OpenSnitch (GUI firewall with popups asking if you want to allow connections. It has a little bit of a learning curve)
- DBeaver CE for database stuff
- VirtualBox
- Flatseal for managing flatpaks
- Nicotine+ (SoulSeek client)
- Piper (for logitech mouse profiles)
- Lutris (makes it much easier to play Windows games that are not on Steam)
If you end up using Gnome (desktop manager):
- ArcMenu (start menu like windows)
- Dash to Panel (taskbar like windows)
- Gnome Tweaks
There's a lot more, but those are the GUI ones I recommend.