Nov 17, 2012 12:35 AM
(This post was last modified: Nov 17, 2012 12:36 AM by PhobicHD.)
This is base off a thread by Perfect Cell on binary but then expanded to include Hex, Octal, Quaternary, and some information about memory and number systems.
Here is Perfect Cells original post
https://hackforums.net/showthread.php?tid=3026611
or i quoted it here
Now to elaborate a little bit more
Bits are pieces of information with two possible values. These can be thought of as true and false or 1 and 0 in the case of binary or even high and low. Bits are the basis of storing digital information( computers are digital as opposed to analog ).
Now we group bits together into bytes. Bytes are just 8 bits next to each other ( notice how each letter in the tutorial is 8 0s or 1s long?).
Bytes can hole 256 values or 2 exponent 8 ( 2*2*2*2*2*2*2*2 ). As Perfect cell described they use the place values 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, 32, 64, 128 or 2 exponent 0, 2 exp 1, 2 exp 2, ect, 2 exp 7. Notice how we are doubling the amount each time?
Binary can be thought of as a base two number system. Just as in our base 10 number system (1) is 10 exp 0 and (10) is 10 exp 1 and (100) is 10 exp 2 in binary (001) is 2 exp 0, (0010 or two in words) is 2 exp 1 and (00100 or four in words) is 2 exp 2.
Now there is something called hexidecimal and something called octal as well. Hexidecimal is a base 16 number system ( 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 , A or ten, B or eleven, C, D , E , F) so 17 in hexidecimal is 11. Now just as 2 exp 8 is 256 or one byte, 16 exp 2 is 256 or one byte which means as binary is 8 { 0s or 1s } per byte hexidecimal is 2 { 0s to Fs } per byte.
Octal is just a base 8 number system. Since 8 exp 3 = 256 or a byte there are 3 { 0s to 7s } per byte.
So 63 in a base ten number system is 0011 in binary and 3F in hexidecimal and 077 in octal.
With these ideas we could also express a byte in base 4 since 4 exp 4 is 256. This is called quaternary i just googled it but ive never heard about it before. By the same concepts I should be able to write quaternary though. The place values should be 64 16 4 1 . So 63 should be ( 0333 )
Since ascii dictates as perfect cube said A = 65 then my name should be
BASE 10 or Decimal ( normal numbers):
80 72 79 66 73 67 72 68
BASE 2 or Binary:
01010000 01001000 01001111 01000010 01001001 01000011 01001000 01000100
BASE 16 or Hexidecimal:
50 48 4f 42 49 43 48 44
BASE 8 or octal:
120 110 117 103 111 103 110 104
BASE 4 or Quaternary:
1100 1020 1033 1002 1021 1003 1020 1010
I hope that all makes sense.
ps. a kilobyte is not 1000 bytes its 1024 or 2 exp 10. Same with mega giga and tera bytes. 1024 bytes = kilobyte ::: 1024 kilobytes = megabyte ::: 1024 megabytes = gigabyte ::: 1024 gigabyte = terabyte
Extended Challenge:
Post your username in any or all of the number systems.
Here is Perfect Cells original post
https://hackforums.net/showthread.php?tid=3026611
or i quoted it here
(Nov 16, 2012 06:47 PM)Terry A. Davis Wrote: Vandal's request.
Hey hack fourms I am back with another tutorial this one is pretty good I will be showing you how to write out words and letters in binary.
Well lets begin.
1st off your gonna need a pen and paper, then what I want you to do is write out "128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1" as the picture shows below:
Spoiler (Click to View)
After which we will start with "A" and that is "65" in unicode decimal.
Spoiler (Click to View)
Now that we have got that, we need to "turn on" the following numbers to get our total of 65 you have to get an exact number you can't subtract here is "A"
Spoiler (Click to View)
Code65 = A
66 = B
67 = C
68 = D
69 = E
70 = F
71 = G
72 = H
73 = I
74 = J
75 = K
76 = L
77 = M
78 = N
79 = O
80 = P
81 = Q
82 = R
83 = S
84 = T
85 = U
86 = V
87 = W
88 = X
89 = Y
90 = Z
91 = a
92 = b
93 = c
94 = d
95 = e
96 = f
97 = g
98 = h
99 = i
100 = j
101 = k
102 = l
103 = m
104 = n
105 = o
106 = p
107 = q
108 = r
109 = s
110 = t
111 = u
112 = v
113 = w
114 = x
115 = y
116 = z
There you go, if you got 65 from turning on 64 + 1 = 65 then that is A in binary.
If you want a video walk though:
Spoiler (Click to View)
If it wasn't clear enough or any problem like that let me know and I will be more than happy to help
Bit of a challenge: Get your hackforums name and post it here
Now to elaborate a little bit more
Bits are pieces of information with two possible values. These can be thought of as true and false or 1 and 0 in the case of binary or even high and low. Bits are the basis of storing digital information( computers are digital as opposed to analog ).
Now we group bits together into bytes. Bytes are just 8 bits next to each other ( notice how each letter in the tutorial is 8 0s or 1s long?).
Bytes can hole 256 values or 2 exponent 8 ( 2*2*2*2*2*2*2*2 ). As Perfect cell described they use the place values 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, 32, 64, 128 or 2 exponent 0, 2 exp 1, 2 exp 2, ect, 2 exp 7. Notice how we are doubling the amount each time?
Binary can be thought of as a base two number system. Just as in our base 10 number system (1) is 10 exp 0 and (10) is 10 exp 1 and (100) is 10 exp 2 in binary (001) is 2 exp 0, (0010 or two in words) is 2 exp 1 and (00100 or four in words) is 2 exp 2.
Now there is something called hexidecimal and something called octal as well. Hexidecimal is a base 16 number system ( 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 , A or ten, B or eleven, C, D , E , F) so 17 in hexidecimal is 11. Now just as 2 exp 8 is 256 or one byte, 16 exp 2 is 256 or one byte which means as binary is 8 { 0s or 1s } per byte hexidecimal is 2 { 0s to Fs } per byte.
Octal is just a base 8 number system. Since 8 exp 3 = 256 or a byte there are 3 { 0s to 7s } per byte.
So 63 in a base ten number system is 0011 in binary and 3F in hexidecimal and 077 in octal.
With these ideas we could also express a byte in base 4 since 4 exp 4 is 256. This is called quaternary i just googled it but ive never heard about it before. By the same concepts I should be able to write quaternary though. The place values should be 64 16 4 1 . So 63 should be ( 0333 )
Since ascii dictates as perfect cube said A = 65 then my name should be
BASE 10 or Decimal ( normal numbers):
80 72 79 66 73 67 72 68
BASE 2 or Binary:
01010000 01001000 01001111 01000010 01001001 01000011 01001000 01000100
BASE 16 or Hexidecimal:
50 48 4f 42 49 43 48 44
BASE 8 or octal:
120 110 117 103 111 103 110 104
BASE 4 or Quaternary:
1100 1020 1033 1002 1021 1003 1020 1010
I hope that all makes sense.
ps. a kilobyte is not 1000 bytes its 1024 or 2 exp 10. Same with mega giga and tera bytes. 1024 bytes = kilobyte ::: 1024 kilobytes = megabyte ::: 1024 megabytes = gigabyte ::: 1024 gigabyte = terabyte
Extended Challenge:
Post your username in any or all of the number systems.
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